Inverse Flows
I nearly titled this article "End of an ARA," meaning (A)msterdam, (R)otterdam and (A)ntwerp, the three cities that were for many decades responsible for the European trade in blended fuels destined for West Africa. It was a big business, for as long as it lasted. In 2023, Europe exported 1.3 million barrels of gasoline per day (b/d) with a third of that going to West African buyers, according to Kpler. The trade was valued at $17 billion by Argus, a...
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